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Martina Navratilova

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Professional Tennis Player

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Eighteen-time major champion and a revolutionary all-court legend.

Essentials

Full name
Martina Navratilova
Years active
1973–2006
Position
Tennis — Singles & Doubles
Nationality
American (born Czech)
Hometown
Prague, Czech Republic
Agent
{{agent name}}

martina's story

In 1975, Martina Navratilova was eighteen years old and playing in the US Open when she walked into the offices of the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service and requested asylum. She left behind her country, her family, and everything familiar, in a single afternoon, because she understood what staying would cost her: as an athlete under a regime that controlled where she could travel and what she could earn, and as a person who already knew things about herself that Czechoslovakia in 1975 had no framework to accommodate. The defection is the first fact of her career and the one that makes every title that followed legible. She had already demonstrated, before winning a single major, what she was willing to give up in order to be fully herself.

What followed was one of the most dominant careers in the history of tennis across any era or gender. Nine Wimbledon singles titles, the most by any player in the Open Era. Eighteen Grand Slam singles titles. Fifty-nine Grand Slam titles total across singles, doubles, and mixed doubles, a record across genders. Three hundred and thirty-two weeks ranked number one in the world. She won on every surface, against every generation of opponent the tour produced across two decades of competition, and she did it with a physicality and a professionalism that changed how the sport thought about athletic preparation. She was the first player to treat fitness as a competitive weapon rather than a baseline requirement, and the women's game has never fully returned to the assumptions that existed before her.

In 1981 she came out publicly as gay and lost her endorsements almost immediately. She was at the time the most dominant player in the sport and one of its least commercially supported stars, a gap that documented precisely what the sponsorship market thought about who she was off the court. She was also known to bring her own food to tournaments, particular about what she ate in the days surrounding a match in ways that teammates and opponents both noticed, a fastidiousness that extended the same total commitment she brought to everything else into the smallest details of preparation. She continued competing, continued winning, and continued speaking publicly on matters of equality and identity for decades after the playing career ended. The defection at eighteen established the pattern: she assessed what something would cost, decided the cost was worth it, and proceeded. She did that with her country, with her identity, and with every opponent she faced across thirty years. The record is what it is. Nobody else has one like it.

Timeline

11 milestones

1978

Wins her first Wimbledon singles title, defeating Chris Evert, and claims her first Grand Slam singles title

1981

Wins Wimbledon for the second time, beginning a period of dominance at the tournament unmatched in the Open Era

1982

Wins Wimbledon and the U.S. Open, beginning a stretch of sustained dominance across all surfaces that redefines expectations for professional tennis

1983

Wins three of four Grand Slam singles titles, finishing the year with a 86–1 match record, the best single-season record in the Open Era

1984

Wins the French Open to complete a non-calendar-year Grand Slam, holding all four major titles simultaneously, a feat later called the "Martina Slam"

1984

Named Sports Illustrated Sportswoman of the Year

1987

Wins her record eighth Wimbledon singles title, surpassing Helen Wills Moody's record of seven

1992

Comes out publicly as a lesbian, becoming one of the most prominent openly gay athletes in the world at the time

1994

Retires from singles competition with 167 singles titles, the most in the history of professional tennis at the time

2004

Returns to Grand Slam competition and wins the mixed doubles title at the U.S. Open at age 47, becoming the oldest Grand Slam champion in history

2010

Inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame

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Awards/Honors

INDIVIDUAL AWARDS

1978Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles
1979U.S. Open Champion — Women's Singles
1982Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles | U.S. Open Champion — Women's Singles
1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987WTA Player of the Year
1983Australian Open Champion — Women's Singles | Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles | U.S. Open Champion — Women's Singles
1984French Open Champion — Women's Singles | Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles | U.S. Open Champion — Women's Singles
1984Sports Illustrated Sportswoman of the Year
1985French Open Champion — Women's Singles | Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles | Australian Open Champion — Women's Singles
1986Wimbledon Champion — Women's Singles | U.S. Open Champion — Women's Singles | Australian Open Champion — Women's Singles
1988Australian Open Champion — Women's Singles
2004U.S. Open Champion — Mixed Doubles

LEGACY

1990WTA Player of the Decade (1980s)
2000Inducted, International Tennis Hall of Fame

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Martina Navratilova's Collection

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Sources:ESPN
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